#1
Which of the following is a common cause of pediatric dehydration?
Vomiting and diarrhea
ExplanationFluid loss through vomiting and diarrhea leads to dehydration in children.
#2
Which age group is most susceptible to dehydration?
Infants and toddlers
ExplanationDue to their small size and high metabolic rate, infants and toddlers are more prone to dehydration.
#3
What is the recommended initial management for a dehydrated child?
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT)
ExplanationORT is the preferred method to replenish fluids in dehydrated children through oral intake.
#4
Which of the following is a sign of severe dehydration in a pediatric patient?
Sunken fontanelle
ExplanationA sunken fontanelle indicates significant fluid loss and severe dehydration in infants.
#5
What is the most appropriate fluid for oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in pediatric dehydration?
ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution)
ExplanationORS contains the right balance of electrolytes to effectively rehydrate children.
#6
What is the primary goal of rehydration in pediatric dehydration management?
To replenish fluid losses
ExplanationThe main objective is to restore lost fluids to maintain hydration.
#7
What is the correct method for assessing dehydration in children?
Physical examination and clinical history
ExplanationAssessment involves a thorough physical examination and consideration of clinical history.
#8
Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly associated with pediatric dehydration?
Hyponatremia
ExplanationHyponatremia, or low sodium levels, is a common electrolyte imbalance in pediatric dehydration.
#9
Which of the following is a complication of severe pediatric dehydration?
Hypovolemic shock
ExplanationSevere dehydration can lead to hypovolemic shock, a life-threatening condition.
#10
Which medical condition might require a modified approach to dehydration management in children?
Asthma
ExplanationAsthma may necessitate adjustments in dehydration management due to respiratory considerations.
#11
What is the primary concern when administering intravenous (IV) fluids in pediatric dehydration?
Preventing fluid overload
ExplanationCareful monitoring is essential to avoid complications related to excessive fluid administration.
#12
Which of the following conditions requires urgent medical attention in a dehydrated child?
Severe dehydration with altered mental status
ExplanationAltered mental status indicates severe dehydration and necessitates immediate medical attention.