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Pediatric Cardiovascular Defects and Nursing Care Quiz

#1

Which of the following is a congenital heart defect where a hole exists between the two upper chambers of the heart?

Atrial septal defect
Explanation

Hole between upper heart chambers

#2

Which condition involves narrowing of the aorta, leading to increased pressure proximal to the narrowing and decreased pressure distally?

Coarctation of the aorta
Explanation

Narrowing of the aorta

#3

Which medication is commonly used to improve cardiac contractility and decrease heart failure symptoms in pediatric patients?

Digoxin
Explanation

Improves cardiac contractility, decreases heart failure symptoms

#4

Which of the following is a potential complication associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) in a pediatric patient?

Pulmonary hypertension
Explanation

Associated with VSD

#5

Which of the following is a common sign of congestive heart failure in infants with congenital heart defects?

Tachypnea
Explanation

Common sign in infants with CHF

#6

In a child with congenital heart disease, which medication is commonly administered to promote diuresis and decrease fluid volume overload?

Furosemide
Explanation

Promotes diuresis, decreases fluid overload

#7

Which of the following is a nursing intervention for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot during a hypercyanotic spell (Tet spell)?

Place the child in a knee-chest position
Explanation

Knee-chest position during Tet spell

#8

Which congenital heart defect occurs when the pulmonary artery fails to develop properly, resulting in blood from the right ventricle returning to the right atrium or flowing into the left atrium or other systemic veins?

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Explanation

Abnormal pulmonary artery development

#9

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome?

Provide supportive care during preoperative and postoperative periods
Explanation

Supportive care pre/postoperative

#10

What is the primary nursing goal for a child with a congenital heart defect during the preoperative period?

Stabilize hemodynamics
Explanation

Stabilize hemodynamics preoperatively

#11

Which congenital heart defect is characterized by a combination of four abnormalities: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy?

Tetralogy of Fallot
Explanation

Combination of four abnormalities

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