#1
Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
Insulin
ExplanationInsulin lowers blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake.
#2
What is the primary function of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the body?
Transporting oxygen
ExplanationRed blood cells transport oxygen to tissues and organs.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Synthesis of insulin
ExplanationThe liver does not synthesize insulin; it regulates blood glucose.
#4
Which structure in the human respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
Alveoli
ExplanationAlveoli facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
#5
Which of the following is responsible for transmitting electrical signals between neurons?
Synapse
ExplanationSynapses are junctions where neurons communicate.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
Producing insulin
ExplanationThe skeletal system does not produce insulin but provides support.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a component of the central nervous system (CNS)?
Peripheral nerves
ExplanationPeripheral nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.
#8
What is the name of the process by which cells break down glucose to produce ATP?
Glycolysis
ExplanationGlycolysis is the initial step of cellular respiration.
#9
Which of the following hormones is produced by the adrenal glands?
Cortisol
ExplanationCortisol regulates metabolism and stress response.
#10
What is the term for the process by which a cell engulfs solid particles from the external environment?
Phagocytosis
ExplanationPhagocytosis is a form of endocytosis for solid material.
#11
What is the name of the hormone responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?
Melatonin
ExplanationMelatonin regulates circadian rhythms.
#12
Which of the following organs is responsible for producing bile?
Liver
ExplanationThe liver produces and secretes bile for digestion.
#13
Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
ExplanationPTH increases calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption.
#14
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?
Synthesizing insulin
ExplanationThe kidney does not synthesize insulin but regulates electrolytes.
#15
What is the name of the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
Photosynthesis
ExplanationPhotosynthesis converts light energy into glucose.
#16
What is the name of the region in the brain responsible for coordinating movement and balance?
Cerebellum
ExplanationThe cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and balance.
#17
Which of the following hormones is produced by the ovaries?
Progesterone
ExplanationProgesterone regulates the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.