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Patterns in Biological Responses and Physiological Connections Quiz

#1

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Insulin
Explanation

Insulin lowers blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake.

#2

What is the primary function of red blood cells (erythrocytes) in the body?

Transporting oxygen
Explanation

Red blood cells transport oxygen to tissues and organs.

#3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Synthesis of insulin
Explanation

The liver does not synthesize insulin; it regulates blood glucose.

#4

Which structure in the human respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?

Alveoli
Explanation

Alveoli facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

#5

Which of the following is responsible for transmitting electrical signals between neurons?

Synapse
Explanation

Synapses are junctions where neurons communicate.

#6

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Producing insulin
Explanation

The skeletal system does not produce insulin but provides support.

#7

Which of the following is NOT a component of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Peripheral nerves
Explanation

Peripheral nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.

#8

What is the name of the process by which cells break down glucose to produce ATP?

Glycolysis
Explanation

Glycolysis is the initial step of cellular respiration.

#9

Which of the following hormones is produced by the adrenal glands?

Cortisol
Explanation

Cortisol regulates metabolism and stress response.

#10

What is the term for the process by which a cell engulfs solid particles from the external environment?

Phagocytosis
Explanation

Phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis for solid material.

#11

What is the name of the hormone responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle?

Melatonin
Explanation

Melatonin regulates circadian rhythms.

#12

Which of the following organs is responsible for producing bile?

Liver
Explanation

The liver produces and secretes bile for digestion.

#13

Which hormone is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Explanation

PTH increases calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption.

#14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?

Synthesizing insulin
Explanation

The kidney does not synthesize insulin but regulates electrolytes.

#15

What is the name of the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis
Explanation

Photosynthesis converts light energy into glucose.

#16

What is the name of the region in the brain responsible for coordinating movement and balance?

Cerebellum
Explanation

The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and balance.

#17

Which of the following hormones is produced by the ovaries?

Progesterone
Explanation

Progesterone regulates the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

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