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Nursing Care Management in Various Medical Conditions Quiz

#1

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with heart failure?

Promoting fluid restriction
Explanation

Helps manage fluid overload and reduce strain on the heart.

#2

What is a common complication of diabetes mellitus?

Hypoglycemia
Explanation

Low blood sugar levels, often resulting from excess insulin.

#3

Which condition is characterized by a deficiency of insulin and elevated blood glucose levels?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Explanation

Autoimmune disorder resulting in insulin dependence.

#4

Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Explanation

Reduces stomach acid production to alleviate reflux symptoms.

#5

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the liver?

Hepatitis
Explanation

Liver inflammation often caused by viruses, drugs, or toxins.

#6

Which condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces?

Edema
Explanation

Swelling caused by fluid retention in tissues.

#7

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the airways, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm?

Asthma
Explanation

Chronic respiratory condition causing breathing difficulties.

#8

What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis?

Administering a vasodilator
Explanation

Lowers blood pressure quickly to prevent organ damage.

#9

What is a priority intervention for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Administering epinephrine (adrenaline)
Explanation

Reverses severe allergic reaction and stabilizes vital signs.

#10

Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with a seizure disorder?

Placing the patient in a side-lying position
Explanation

Prevents injury and facilitates airway management during seizure.

#11

What is a potential complication of prolonged immobility in a hospitalized patient?

Venous thromboembolism
Explanation

Blood clots forming in deep veins, posing risk of embolism.

#12

What is a potential complication of a patient undergoing chemotherapy?

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)
Explanation

Common side effect due to toxic effects on gastrointestinal system.

#13

Which assessment finding indicates a potential complication in a patient with renal failure?

Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels
Explanation

Sign of impaired kidney function and potential toxicity.

#14

Which assessment finding is indicative of a potential complication in a patient with appendicitis?

Rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant
Explanation

Sign of peritoneal irritation and possible appendiceal perforation.

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