#1
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with heart failure?
Promoting fluid restriction
ExplanationHelps manage fluid overload and reduce strain on the heart.
#2
What is a common complication of diabetes mellitus?
Hypoglycemia
ExplanationLow blood sugar levels, often resulting from excess insulin.
#3
Which condition is characterized by a deficiency of insulin and elevated blood glucose levels?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
ExplanationAutoimmune disorder resulting in insulin dependence.
#4
Which medication is commonly used to treat symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
ExplanationReduces stomach acid production to alleviate reflux symptoms.
#5
Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the liver?
Hepatitis
ExplanationLiver inflammation often caused by viruses, drugs, or toxins.
#6
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces?
Edema
ExplanationSwelling caused by fluid retention in tissues.
#7
Which condition is characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation?
Shock
ExplanationLife-threatening condition leading to organ dysfunction and failure.
#8
Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the airways, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm?
Asthma
ExplanationChronic respiratory condition causing breathing difficulties.
#9
What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis?
Administering a vasodilator
ExplanationLowers blood pressure quickly to prevent organ damage.
#10
What is a priority intervention for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?
Administering epinephrine (adrenaline)
ExplanationReverses severe allergic reaction and stabilizes vital signs.
#11
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with a seizure disorder?
Placing the patient in a side-lying position
ExplanationPrevents injury and facilitates airway management during seizure.
#12
What is a potential complication of prolonged immobility in a hospitalized patient?
Venous thromboembolism
ExplanationBlood clots forming in deep veins, posing risk of embolism.
#13
What is a potential complication of a patient undergoing chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)
ExplanationCommon side effect due to toxic effects on gastrointestinal system.
#14
What is a common sign of respiratory distress in a pediatric patient?
Cyanosis
ExplanationBlue discoloration of skin and mucous membranes due to oxygen deficiency.
#15
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient experiencing opioid overdose?
Administering naloxone
ExplanationReverses respiratory depression and central nervous system depression caused by opioids.
#16
What is a priority intervention for a patient with severe sepsis or septic shock?
Fluid resuscitation with intravenous (IV) fluids
ExplanationRestores circulating volume and tissue perfusion to prevent organ failure.
#17
What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing a hypertensive emergency?
Administering antihypertensive medications
ExplanationLowers blood pressure to prevent organ damage and complications.
#18
What is a common sign of hypokalemia?
Tall T waves on ECG
ExplanationElectrocardiogram abnormality indicating low potassium levels.
#19
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation?
Administering bronchodilators as needed
ExplanationRelieves bronchospasm and improves airflow in COPD exacerbations.
#20
Which laboratory value is indicative of metabolic acidosis?
Decreased pH
ExplanationLow pH due to accumulation of acidic substances in the blood.
#21
What is a priority nursing intervention for a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
Implementing lung-protective ventilation strategies
ExplanationPrevents further lung injury and optimizes oxygenation.
#22
What is a common sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Localized warmth and erythema
ExplanationIndicates inflammation and clot formation in deep veins.
#23
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient with Parkinson's disease?
Promoting safety and preventing falls
ExplanationReduces risk of injury due to impaired balance and coordination.
#24
Which assessment finding indicates a potential complication in a patient with renal failure?
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels
ExplanationSign of impaired kidney function and potential toxicity.
#25
Which assessment finding is indicative of a potential complication in a patient with appendicitis?
Rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant
ExplanationSign of peritoneal irritation and possible appendiceal perforation.