#1
Which vein is commonly used for peripheral intravenous medication administration?
Cephalic vein
ExplanationCommonly chosen for easy access and reduced complications.
#2
What does IV stand for in the context of medication administration?
Intravenous
ExplanationRefers to administering substances directly into veins for rapid effect.
#3
Which of the following is not a primary function of a venous access device (VAD)?
Muscle stimulation
ExplanationVADs are not designed for stimulating muscles; they provide a route for medication delivery.
#4
What is the recommended site for central venous catheter insertion?
Subclavian vein
ExplanationPreferable site due to lower infection risk and ease of access.
#5
Which technique is commonly used to verify proper IV placement?
Blood return
ExplanationEnsures the needle is in a blood vessel by observing blood flow back into the syringe or tubing.
#6
What is the recommended angle for inserting an IV catheter into a vein?
90 degrees
ExplanationOptimal angle for successful catheter insertion into a vein.
#7
Which of the following is an example of a blood product used in transfusion?
Albumin
ExplanationCommonly used to treat low blood volume.
#8
What is the appropriate action if infiltration is observed during IV therapy?
Discontinue infusion
ExplanationPrevents complications caused by fluid leakage into surrounding tissues.
#9
Which of the following is a sign of phlebitis?
Redness
ExplanationInflammation of the vein, often indicated by redness at the insertion site.
#10
What is the recommended method for priming IV tubing before use?
Flush with saline solution
ExplanationClears air from the tubing and ensures proper fluid delivery.
#11
Which vein is commonly used for central venous catheterization in pediatric patients?
Femoral vein
ExplanationFrequently chosen for its accessibility in pediatric cases.
#12
What is the standard gauge size for a peripheral IV catheter?
20 gauge
ExplanationA commonly used size for peripheral venous access.
#13
What is the primary indication for administering packed red blood cells (PRBCs)?
To treat anemia
ExplanationIncreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood in cases of low hemoglobin.
#14
Which vein is commonly used for emergency venous access?
Femoral vein
ExplanationAccessible and quickly reached in emergency situations.
#15
Which of the following is a sign of fluid overload during IV therapy?
Pulmonary crackles
ExplanationIndicates excess fluid in the lungs, a potential consequence of fluid overload.
#16
Which type of IV solution is hypertonic?
5% dextrose in water
ExplanationHigher osmolarity compared to blood, used for specific medical indications.
#17
Which of the following complications is associated with blood transfusion?
Hypotension
ExplanationPotential reaction leading to a drop in blood pressure.
#18
Which type of IV solution is isotonic with blood?
0.9% normal saline
ExplanationMatches blood osmolarity, preventing cell damage or swelling.
#19
What is the primary purpose of a blood transfusion?
To enhance oxygenation
ExplanationBoosts oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
#20
Which of the following is a potential complication of blood transfusion?
Thrombocytopenia
ExplanationA decrease in platelet count, a possible reaction to transfusion.
#21
What is the most appropriate action if air embolism is suspected during IV therapy?
Place the patient in Trendelenburg position
ExplanationHelps trap air in the right atrium, preventing it from traveling to vital organs.
#22
What is the primary purpose of a filter in the IV tubing during blood transfusion?
To reduce bacterial contamination
ExplanationMinimizes the risk of bacterial entry into the bloodstream.
#23
Which of the following is a potential complication of rapid blood transfusion?
Hypervolemia
ExplanationExcessive fluid volume in the circulatory system, potentially causing cardiac overload.
#24
What is the recommended action if extravasation is suspected during IV therapy?
Discontinue infusion and remove catheter
ExplanationPrevents further infiltration of potentially harmful substances into tissues.
#25
What is the purpose of using a pump in IV infusion?
To maintain constant flow rate
ExplanationEnsures a consistent and controlled rate of medication or fluid administration.