#1
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?
Grandiose delusions
ExplanationGrandiose delusions are not typical symptoms of major depressive disorder.
#2
What neurotransmitter is commonly associated with mood disorders?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin is commonly associated with mood regulation and implicated in mood disorders.
#3
Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)?
Chronic low mood
ExplanationChronic low mood is a hallmark symptom of persistent depressive disorder.
#4
What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by rapid mood swings between mania and depression?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationBipolar disorder involves rapid mood swings between mania and depression.
#5
Which of the following is a common treatment for mood disorders?
Psychotherapy
ExplanationPsychotherapy is a common treatment for mood disorders.
#6
What is the term for a less severe form of bipolar disorder characterized by periods of hypomania and mild depression?
Bipolar II disorder
ExplanationBipolar II disorder is characterized by hypomanic episodes and mild depression.
#7
Which psychological theory suggests that depression results from a pattern of negative thinking and cognitive biases?
Cognitive-behavioral theory
ExplanationCognitive-behavioral theory posits that depression stems from negative thinking patterns and cognitive biases.
#8
According to the diathesis-stress model, what factors contribute to the development of mood disorders?
Biological vulnerabilities and environmental stressors
ExplanationMood disorders result from interactions between biological vulnerabilities and environmental stressors.
#9
Which neurotransmitter is often implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders as well as mood disorders?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationNorepinephrine is often implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety and mood disorders.
#10
What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by the onset of depressive symptoms during the winter months when daylight hours are shorter?
Seasonal affective disorder
ExplanationSeasonal affective disorder involves depressive symptoms occurring during shorter daylight hours.
#11
What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by periods of depression alternating with periods of excessively elevated mood known as mania?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationBipolar disorder involves alternating periods of depression and mania.
#12
What is the term for a milder form of bipolar disorder characterized by brief episodes of hypomania alternating with brief periods of mild depression?
Cyclothymic disorder
ExplanationCyclothymic disorder involves brief episodes of hypomania and mild depression.
#13
What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by frequent mood swings, instability in relationships, and a fear of abandonment?
Borderline personality disorder
ExplanationBorderline personality disorder involves frequent mood swings, relationship instability, and fear of abandonment.
#14
Which of the following is a psychological mechanism often linked to bipolar disorder?
Psychomotor agitation
ExplanationPsychomotor agitation is often linked to bipolar disorder.
#15
Which of the following psychological theories emphasizes the role of early life experiences and internal conflicts in the development of mood disorders?
Psychodynamic theory
ExplanationPsychodynamic theory highlights the influence of early experiences and internal conflicts in mood disorder development.