#1
Which of the following is a common symptom of anxiety disorders?
Excessive worry
ExplanationExcessive worry is a hallmark symptom of anxiety disorders, often accompanied by physical symptoms like sweating and palpitations.
#2
Which brain structure is primarily associated with the regulation of emotions and long-term memory?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory formation and consolidation, as well as emotional regulation.
#3
Which of the following is a hormone often associated with stress response?
Cortisol
ExplanationCortisol is a hormone released in response to stress, regulating various bodily functions, including metabolism and immune response.
#4
What neurotransmitter is often associated with regulating mood, sleep, and appetite?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin plays a key role in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and other physiological functions.
#5
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter often associated with sleep regulation and mood?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin plays a crucial role in regulating sleep patterns, mood, and emotional well-being.
#6
What neurotransmitter is often associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is commonly associated with reward-motivated behavior, pleasure, and reinforcement learning.
#7
Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for depression?
Social support
ExplanationSocial support is typically considered a protective factor against depression, rather than a risk factor.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations
ExplanationHallucinations, such as hearing voices or seeing things that aren't there, are common symptoms of schizophrenia.
#9
What is the primary characteristic of bipolar disorder?
Extreme mood swings
ExplanationBipolar disorder is characterized by alternating periods of mania (elevated mood) and depression (low mood).
#10
What type of therapy focuses on changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
ExplanationCBT is a psychotherapy approach that aims to change negative thought patterns and behaviors, often used to treat various mental health conditions.
#11
What term describes a psychological disorder characterized by persistent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) followed by repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions)?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
ExplanationOCD involves recurring unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) aimed at reducing anxiety.
#12
What is the primary symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Flashbacks
ExplanationFlashbacks, along with nightmares and severe anxiety, are common symptoms of PTSD, often triggered by reminders of traumatic events.
#13
What psychological defense mechanism involves the redirection of one's thoughts or feelings towards an object or person unrelated to the source of those feelings?
Displacement
ExplanationDisplacement involves transferring emotions from the original source to a substitute target.
#14
What term describes a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation?
Phobia
ExplanationPhobia refers to an intense, irrational fear of specific objects or situations, often leading to avoidance behaviors.
#15
What term describes a pattern of behavior in which an individual repeatedly fails to resist impulses that harm oneself or others?
Impulse control disorder
ExplanationImpulse control disorder involves difficulty resisting urges or impulses, leading to harmful actions or behaviors.
#16
What term describes a psychological defense mechanism where an individual attributes their own undesirable traits, thoughts, or impulses onto others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto another person, often as a defense mechanism.
#17
What term describes a psychological disorder characterized by a lack of empathy and remorse for others, often accompanied by manipulative behavior?
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD)
ExplanationASPD is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, often accompanied by deceitfulness and lack of empathy or remorse.