#1
What does market equilibrium refer to?
A situation where supply equals demand
ExplanationBalanced state where supply meets demand without excess or shortage.
#2
Which of the following factors does NOT affect market equilibrium?
Changes in the weather
ExplanationExternal environmental conditions not directly related to supply and demand.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a determinant of supply that can shift the supply curve?
Consumer preferences
ExplanationConsumer choices impacting demand rather than direct supply.
#4
When the market is in equilibrium, what statement is true?
Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied
ExplanationPerfect balance between what consumers want and what producers offer.
#5
What is the term used to describe a situation where the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded at the current price?
Surplus
ExplanationOversupply of goods in relation to consumer demand at prevailing price.
#6
What factor would NOT cause a shift in the demand curve?
Changes in technology
ExplanationTechnological advancements typically affect supply and production efficiency, not demand.
#7
What happens to the market equilibrium price and quantity if there is an increase in both demand and supply?
Price decreases, quantity decreases
ExplanationIncreased availability reduces price but doesn't fully compensate for increased demand.
#8
Which of the following is a determinant of demand that can shift the demand curve?
Price of substitutes
ExplanationChanges in substitute good prices affecting consumer choices.
#9
What is the effect of a price ceiling below the equilibrium price?
It leads to a shortage of the good
ExplanationArtificial limit below market equilibrium causing imbalance in supply and demand.
#10
What happens to consumer surplus when a market moves from a state of surplus to equilibrium?
Consumer surplus increases
ExplanationShift from excess supply to equilibrium increases consumer benefit.
#11
What is the impact of a subsidy on market equilibrium?
It decreases equilibrium price, increases quantity
ExplanationFinancial support lowering production costs and retail price, boosting sales.
#12
Which of the following is an example of a price floor?
Minimum wage laws
ExplanationLegislative measure ensuring minimum price for labor to prevent exploitation.
#13
In the context of market equilibrium, what happens when there is excess demand?
Price decreases, quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied
ExplanationLack of supply at current price leads to price adjustments but still insufficient quantity.
#14
What effect does a decrease in production costs have on market equilibrium?
Decreases equilibrium price, increases quantity
ExplanationCost efficiency allowing price reduction while encouraging higher production.
#15
What is the effect of a decrease in the price of a complementary good on market equilibrium?
Increases equilibrium price and quantity
ExplanationLower cost of related goods boosts demand and overall market activity.
#16
In the context of market equilibrium, what happens when there is excess supply?
Price decreases, quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded
ExplanationExcess availability prompts price reduction due to unsold inventory.
#17
What is the impact of an increase in the price of a substitute good on market equilibrium?
Decreases equilibrium price and quantity
ExplanationHigher cost of alternative products reduces demand for the original item, lowering market equilibrium.
#18
What happens to market equilibrium when there is a decrease in production costs?
Equilibrium price and quantity both increase
ExplanationLower costs enable producers to offer more goods at a lower price, increasing equilibrium quantity and reducing price.