#1
Which European power controlled most of Africa by the end of the 19th century?
Britain
ExplanationBritain exerted colonial dominance over the majority of Africa in the late 19th century.
#2
What was the primary motivation behind European imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
Economic interests and resources
ExplanationEuropean imperialism was driven by a desire for economic gains and access to valuable resources.
#3
Which country was known as 'the Jewel in the Crown' of the British Empire due to its significant economic value?
India
ExplanationIndia held immense economic importance for the British Empire, earning the moniker 'the Jewel in the Crown.'
#4
What was the 'Scramble for Africa'?
A competition among European powers to control African territories
ExplanationThe 'Scramble for Africa' was a fierce competition among European powers to acquire and control territories in Africa.
#5
What was the significance of the Berlin Conference (1884-1885) in the context of imperialism?
It established guidelines for the division of Africa among European powers.
ExplanationThe Berlin Conference set rules for the partition and colonization of Africa by European nations.
#6
Which Asian country was referred to as 'the Pearl of the Orient' by European imperialists?
The Philippines
ExplanationThe Philippines earned the moniker 'the Pearl of the Orient' from European imperialists.
#7
Which European country controlled the Congo Free State as a personal possession of its monarch?
Belgium
ExplanationBelgium, under King Leopold II, privately owned and controlled the Congo Free State during the imperialist era.
#8
Which of the following countries was not subjected to European imperialism during the 19th and 20th centuries?
Ethiopia
ExplanationEthiopia successfully resisted European imperialism and remained independent during the era of colonial expansion.
#9
Who coined the term 'White Man's Burden' in the context of imperialism?
Rudyard Kipling
ExplanationRudyard Kipling coined the term 'White Man's Burden' as a justification for Western imperialism and the duty to civilize 'lesser' societies.
#10
Which two countries were involved in the Boer Wars, a significant conflict related to imperialism?
Britain and the Netherlands
ExplanationThe Boer Wars involved conflicts between Britain and the Netherlands over imperial interests in South Africa.
#11
What was the primary goal of the 'Open Door Policy' proposed by the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
To promote free trade and prevent colonization in China.
ExplanationThe 'Open Door Policy' aimed to ensure free trade access to China and prevent exclusive colonization by foreign powers.
#12
Who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British imperialism?
Mohandas Gandhi
ExplanationMohandas Gandhi led the Indian independence movement against British imperial rule through nonviolent civil disobedience.
#13
Which treaty effectively marked the end of the Spanish-American War and resulted in the United States acquiring territories from Spain?
Treaty of Paris
ExplanationThe Treaty of Paris concluded the Spanish-American War, leading to the U.S. acquiring territories from Spain, including Puerto Rico and Guam.