Geological Stratigraphy and Sequence Analysis Quiz

Test your knowledge on relative dating, rock types, fossils, and geological eras. Explore the world of stratigraphy!

#1

Which of the following is a principle used in relative dating of rock layers?

Law of Superposition
Law of Gravity
Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Thermodynamics
1 answered
#2

What type of rocks are typically formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Igneous rocks
Volcanic rocks
1 answered
#3

Which geologic era is known as the 'Age of Dinosaurs'?

Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Paleozoic
Precambrian
1 answered
#4

Which principle states that the same processes we observe today have operated in the past?

Uniformitarianism
Catastrophism
Plutonism
Erosionism
1 answered
#5

Which geological eon represents the longest span of time in Earth's history?

Hadean
Archean
Proterozoic
Phanerozoic
1 answered
#6

In stratigraphy, what is an unconformity?

A layer of volcanic ash
A gap in the geological record
A type of sedimentary rock
A fossilized plant
1 answered
#7

What is the principle of faunal succession used for in stratigraphy?

Determining the age of rocks
Identifying fossilized plants
Correlating rock layers
Measuring the thickness of sedimentary layers
1 answered
#8

What is the term for a widespread and distinctive assemblage of fossils that is used to define and characterize a particular time interval?

Chronozone
Biozone
Geochronology
Stratigraphy
1 answered
#9

What is a key characteristic of an index fossil?

It is rare and geographically limited
It is common and widespread
It only occurs in igneous rocks
It is resistant to weathering
1 answered
#10

What is the term for a layer of sedimentary rock that is characterized by a unique set of fossils and is used for correlation?

Stratum
Horizon
Member
Formation
1 answered
#11

Which method is commonly used to determine the absolute age of rocks and fossils?

Radiocarbon dating
Potassium-argon dating
Optical luminescence dating
Fluorine dating
#12

What is the principle of cross-cutting relationships in geological stratigraphy?

Younger rocks are deposited on top of older rocks
Sedimentary rocks are formed horizontally
Intrusions and faults are younger than the rocks they affect
Fossils are found in specific biozones
#13

Which type of unconformity is characterized by tilted or folded sedimentary rocks overlain by horizontal sedimentary rocks?

Disconformity
Angular unconformity
Nonconformity
Paraconformity
#14

What is the primary tool used for measuring the absolute age of rocks and fossils in radiometric dating?

Thermoluminescence
Mass spectrometry
Carbon-14 dating
Isotope decay
#15

Which type of unconformity is formed when sedimentary rocks overlie crystalline igneous or metamorphic rocks?

Angular unconformity
Disconformity
Nonconformity
Paraconformity
1 answered

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