Genetic Inheritance and Transformation in Biology Quiz

Gregor Mendel established the basic principles of heredity through his pea plant experiments.

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, which then serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Francis Crick, along with James Watson, is credited with discovering the double helix structure of DNA.

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, leading to genetic variation.

The probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring in a monohybrid cross between heterozygous parents is 25%.

Recombination is the process of combining genetic material from two sources into one chromosome.

In the F1 generation, all plants would display the dominant tall phenotype due to the presence of at least one dominant allele.

Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism, influenced by its genetic makeup.

Hemophilia is a sex-linked genetic disorder characterized by impaired blood clotting, primarily affecting males.

Exons are the coding regions of DNA that are transcribed into mRNA and ultimately translated into proteins.

DNA replication is bidirectional, meaning it occurs in two directions along the DNA strand.

The phenotypic ratio in the offspring of a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals is 9:3:3:1.

A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

Frameshift mutations occur when nucleotides are inserted or deleted, altering the reading frame of the DNA sequence.

Pleiotropy occurs when a single gene affects multiple phenotypic traits.