Fundamentals of Human Physiology Quiz

The pancreas produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.

The respiratory system is responsible for breathing and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, not nutrient transport.

The skeletal system provides structure and support but does not produce red blood cells; that's the role of bone marrow.

Kidneys filter blood, removing waste and excess fluids to produce urine and maintain electrolyte balance.

The heart is not part of the lymphatic system; lymph nodes, vessels, and organs are key components for immune function.

The cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, is responsible for advanced cognitive functions like reasoning and problem-solving.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, enabling them to transport oxygen throughout the body.

The medulla oblongata controls vital functions like heartbeat and breathing in the brainstem.

Oxidative phosphorylation is the cellular process that generates ATP from glucose during cellular respiration.

Parathyroid hormone controls calcium levels, stimulating calcium release from bones and absorption in the intestines.

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and are under conscious control for voluntary movements.

Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, regulates the sleep-wake cycle and is influenced by light and darkness.

Adrenaline, or epinephrine, triggers the fight or flight response in stressful situations.

The mitral valve, or bicuspid valve, separates the left atrium and ventricle, controlling blood flow in the heart.

While the endocrine system regulates many functions, body temperature regulation is primarily controlled by the nervous system.

The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat to the stomach, facilitating the passage of food during swallowing.

The hypothalamus regulates various bodily functions, but insulin production is primarily controlled by the pancreas in response to blood glucose levels.