#1
Which of the following is not a factor influencing cognitive development?
Physical activity
ExplanationIt's not primarily cognitive but rather related to physical health.
#2
What is the term used to describe the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and understanding?
Cognitive development
ExplanationIt encompasses all mental processes related to learning and understanding.
#3
What is the term for the mental process of organizing and making sense of sensory information?
Perception
ExplanationIt involves interpreting and understanding sensory input from the environment.
#4
Which of the following is NOT considered a domain of cognitive development?
Physical development
ExplanationPhysical development pertains to bodily changes rather than cognitive processes.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing cognitive development in children?
Occupation
ExplanationOccupation refers to one's job or profession, which is not typically a factor in childhood cognitive development.
#6
Which theorist proposed the stages of cognitive development, including the sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationPiaget's stages describe how children's thinking develops over time.
#7
According to Piaget, which stage of cognitive development occurs from birth to about 2 years old, during which infants learn about the world through their senses and actions?
Sensorimotor stage
ExplanationInfants explore and learn about their environment through sensory experiences and motor actions.
#8
Who proposed the sociocultural theory of cognitive development, emphasizing the role of social interactions in cognitive growth?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationVygotsky highlighted the importance of social context in shaping cognitive development.
#9
According to Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD), what does a child need to successfully accomplish a task?
A supportive environment and guidance
ExplanationIt's the level of assistance required to perform a task successfully, aided by guidance and support.
#10
Who proposed the theory of cognitive development known as the Information Processing Model?
Jerome Bruner
ExplanationIt explains cognitive development as a process of input, processing, storage, and output of information.
#11
Which of the following is an example of scaffolding, as described in Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of cognitive development?
A teacher offering hints and guidance as a student solves a problem
ExplanationIt involves providing support to help learners achieve tasks beyond their current ability.
#12
Which of the following best describes the term 'egocentrism' as proposed by Piaget in the context of cognitive development?
The tendency to view the world only from one's own perspective
ExplanationIt's the difficulty in seeing things from viewpoints other than one's own.
#13
According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary developmental task during the stage of 'Industry vs. Inferiority'?
Mastering skills and competencies
ExplanationIt involves developing a sense of competence and mastery in various skills and tasks.
#14
Which of the following best describes the term 'metacognition'?
Thinking about one's own thinking
ExplanationIt involves awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes.
#15
According to the Information Processing Model, what is the term for the processes that control the flow of information within the mind, including attention, encoding, storage, and retrieval?
Central executive
ExplanationIt's the component responsible for coordinating cognitive processes and allocating cognitive resources.