#1
Which of the following best defines experimental design?
The plan used to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions
ExplanationOutline for testing hypotheses in controlled settings.
#2
What is internal validity in experimental design?
The degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable
ExplanationExtent of the cause-and-effect relationship within the experiment.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity?
Hawthorne effect
ExplanationNot a factor influencing internal consistency in experiments.
#4
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationReference point for evaluating experimental outcomes.
#5
Which of the following is an example of a quasi-experimental design?
Longitudinal study
ExplanationObservational study over time without random assignment.
#6
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental design?
To ensure that participants are similar across groups
ExplanationEqual distribution of participants across experimental conditions.
#7
Which type of validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations?
External validity
ExplanationGeneralizability of research outcomes beyond study participants.
#8
What is construct validity in experimental design?
The extent to which a study accurately measures the theoretical constructs it is intended to measure
ExplanationAccuracy of measuring intended theoretical concepts.
#9
What is ecological validity in experimental design?
The degree to which a study accurately represents real-world situations
ExplanationHow accurately research findings reflect real-life scenarios.