#1
Which of the following best describes the role of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) in research?
To ensure research is conducted ethically and in compliance with regulations
ExplanationIRBs oversee research to ensure ethical and regulatory compliance.
#2
Which of the following is a requirement for research to receive approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?
Evidence of informed consent procedures
ExplanationIRBs require evidence of informed consent procedures.
#3
What is the term for the ethical principle that researchers should avoid causing harm or distress to participants?
Nonmaleficence
ExplanationNonmaleficence entails avoiding harm to participants.
#4
Which of the following statements best describes the concept of anonymity in research?
Research data cannot be linked to individual participants
ExplanationAnonymity prevents linking data to participants.
#5
Which of the following best describes the concept of research integrity?
Adhering to ethical principles and professional standards in research conduct
ExplanationResearch integrity involves ethical and professional conduct.
#6
Which of the following statements best describes the principle of respect for persons in research ethics?
Research participants should be treated with dignity and autonomy
ExplanationRespect for persons entails treating participants with dignity and autonomy.
#7
What is the primary purpose of obtaining informed consent from research participants?
To ensure participants understand the risks and benefits of the research
ExplanationInformed consent ensures participants understand research implications.
#8
Which of the following would be considered an ethical violation in research involving human participants?
Falsifying data to fit desired outcomes
ExplanationFalsifying data breaches ethical standards in research.
#9
What is the purpose of the Declaration of Helsinki in research ethics?
To outline guidelines for ethical conduct in human research
ExplanationThe Declaration outlines ethical guidelines for human research.
#10
What does the principle of justice in research ethics entail?
Ensuring fairness and equity in participant selection
ExplanationJustice ensures fairness in selecting research participants.
#11
In research involving vulnerable populations, what additional ethical considerations must be addressed?
Ensuring extra protection and care for participants
ExplanationExtra care is needed for vulnerable participants in research.
#12
What is the purpose of debriefing participants after their involvement in research?
To minimize risks and ensure participants understand the nature of the study
ExplanationDebriefing helps minimize risks and clarifies study aspects.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when evaluating the ethical implications of research?
The researcher's personal beliefs
ExplanationPersonal beliefs should not influence ethical evaluations.
#14
What is the Belmont Report?
A set of ethical principles guiding research involving human subjects
ExplanationThe Belmont Report guides ethical research with humans.
#15
What is the significance of the Nuremberg Code in the history of research ethics?
It established guidelines for the ethical conduct of research involving human subjects
ExplanationThe Nuremberg Code set ethical guidelines for human subject research.