#1
Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
Carbon Dioxide
ExplanationCarbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.
#2
What is the term for the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?
Condensation
ExplanationCondensation is the conversion of water vapor into liquid water, forming clouds or dew.
#3
What is the primary cause of coral bleaching in marine ecosystems?
Rising sea temperatures
ExplanationCoral bleaching occurs when corals expel symbiotic algae due to stress, often caused by warm water.
#4
Which air pollutant is a major component of photochemical smog and is produced by the reaction of sunlight with pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds?
Ozone
ExplanationOzone in the lower atmosphere forms from chemical reactions involving pollutants and sunlight, contributing to smog.
#5
Which environmental issue is associated with the excessive accumulation of plastic waste in oceans and water bodies?
Marine pollution
ExplanationPlastic waste in oceans and water bodies harms marine life and ecosystems, leading to marine pollution.
#6
What is the main source of water pollution caused by nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus?
Agricultural runoff
ExplanationExcess nutrients from fertilizers and animal waste wash into water bodies, causing pollution.
#7
Which layer of the Earth's atmosphere protects life on Earth by blocking harmful solar radiation?
Stratosphere
ExplanationThe ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs ultraviolet radiation, shielding life on Earth.
#8
Which environmental issue is associated with the thinning of the ozone layer in the Earth's stratosphere?
Ozone depletion
ExplanationOzone depletion leads to increased ultraviolet radiation reaching Earth's surface, causing harm to organisms.
#9
What is the term for the process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles by physical, chemical, or biological means?
Weathering
ExplanationWeathering wears down rocks through various processes like erosion, abrasion, and chemical reactions.
#10
Which of the following is a renewable source of energy derived from the Earth's internal heat?
Geothermal energy
ExplanationGeothermal energy harnesses heat from within the Earth for power generation.
#11
What is the term for the gradual change in species composition over time in a specific area?
Ecological succession
ExplanationEcological succession is the process of ecosystem development over time, leading to changes in species.
#12
Which international agreement aims to address climate change by limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels?
Paris Agreement
ExplanationThe Paris Agreement sets targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate climate change.
#13
Which environmental pollutant is a colorless, odorless gas that can lead to respiratory problems and is produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels?
Carbon monoxide
ExplanationCarbon monoxide is toxic and forms when fossil fuels are burned without enough oxygen.
#14
In ecology, what does the term 'keystone species' refer to?
A species critical to the functioning of an ecosystem
ExplanationKeystone species have a disproportionate impact on their ecosystem, maintaining its structure and diversity.
#15
Which environmental concept emphasizes the responsible use and preservation of resources for the benefit of future generations?
Sustainability
ExplanationSustainability seeks to meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.