#1
What is the main goal of environmental policy?
Biodiversity conservation
ExplanationPreserving the variety of life forms and habitats on Earth.
#2
In the context of environmental science, what does the term 'biodiversity' refer to?
All of the above
ExplanationVariety of life forms, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
#3
What is the concept of 'ecological footprint' used to measure?
Human impact on the environment in terms of resource consumption
ExplanationAssessing human demand on Earth's ecosystems and resources.
#4
Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
ExplanationMost abundant greenhouse gas contributing to global warming.
#5
What is 'environmental ethics' concerned with?
Examining moral principles and values concerning the environment
ExplanationEvaluating ethical frameworks guiding human interaction with the environment.
#6
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
Natural gas
ExplanationFossil fuel formed over millions of years and not replenished on human timescales.
#7
Which ethical principle emphasizes the intrinsic value of nature and its components?
Eco-centrism
ExplanationValuing nature for its own sake, not just for human benefit.
#8
Which international agreement aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change?
Paris Agreement
ExplanationGlobal effort to mitigate climate change by reducing emissions.
#9
Which philosopher is often considered the father of environmental ethics and wrote 'A Sand County Almanac'?
Aldo Leopold
ExplanationPioneer in environmental ethics, emphasizing interconnectedness of life.
#10
What is the concept of 'anthropocentrism' in environmental ethics?
Valuing human interests above all other species
ExplanationPrioritizing human needs and welfare over other species and ecosystems.
#11
Which of the following is a major driver of deforestation?
Urbanization
ExplanationExpansion of cities and human settlements leading to forest loss.
#12
What is the 'environmental justice' movement focused on?
Addressing social and environmental inequalities
ExplanationAdvocating for fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens.
#13
Who coined the term 'deep ecology' to describe an environmental philosophy?
Arne Naess
ExplanationProminent Norwegian philosopher advocating for environmental protection.
#14
What is the 'precautionary principle' in environmental ethics?
Take immediate action without waiting for scientific proof
ExplanationActing to prevent harm, even in the absence of full scientific certainty.
#15
What is the 'tragedy of the commons' as discussed in environmental ethics?
Overexploitation of shared resources due to self-interest
ExplanationDegradation of common resources when individuals act in their own self-interest.
#16
Who is credited with the development of the concept of the 'ecological footprint'?
Mathis Wackernagel
ExplanationResearcher who devised a method to measure human impact on the environment.
#17
In environmental ethics, what is the 'land ethic' proposed by Aldo Leopold?
A philosophy that extends ethical responsibility to the land and its ecosystems
ExplanationViewing humans as members of a community that includes the land.