Energy and Heat Transformations Quiz

Potential energy is stored energy, and a stretched rubber band has potential energy due to its stretched position.

The calorie is the unit of measurement for heat energy, representing the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

The watt is the unit of measurement for power, representing the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

Coal is a non-renewable energy source, as it is finite and takes millions of years to form.

The Kelvin is the SI unit of temperature, and it is the base unit in the Kelvin scale.

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy is conserved, and the total energy of a closed system remains constant.

Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material without the material's overall motion. It occurs through direct contact.

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a given mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.

In a car engine, chemical energy from fuel is transformed into mechanical energy to power the vehicle.

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, and boiling water in a kettle is an example of convection.

In a toaster, electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy to heat up the bread.

During a phase change, such as melting or boiling, the temperature of a substance remains constant as heat energy is absorbed to change the state of the substance.

Solar power is a renewable energy source that harnesses energy from the sun's rays for various applications.

Internal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy of all particles within an object or system.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that in any energy transfer or transformation, the overall entropy of a closed system increases.

Efficiency is the ratio of useful work output to the total energy input, so in this case, it's 400 J / 1000 J = 0.4 or 40%.

The formula for mechanical energy (ME) is the sum of kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE), expressed as ME = KE + PE, with KE = 0.5 * m * v^2.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system tends to increase over time, indicating a direction toward disorder.

Microwave ovens are highly efficient for cooking food as they directly heat the water molecules in the food, reducing cooking time and energy consumption.