#1
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism in the body?
Thyroxine
ExplanationThyroxine regulates metabolism.
#2
Where is the thyroid gland located in the human body?
In the neck
ExplanationThe thyroid gland is located in the neck.
#3
Which mineral is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
Iodine
ExplanationIodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis.
#4
Which of the following hormones is responsible for increasing heart rate and blood pressure during times of stress?
Adrenaline
ExplanationAdrenaline increases heart rate and blood pressure during stress.
#5
Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of blood calcium levels by acting on bones, kidneys, and intestines?
Parathyroid hormone
ExplanationParathyroid hormone regulates blood calcium levels by acting on bones, kidneys, and intestines.
#6
Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency in parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Osteoporosis
ExplanationOsteoporosis is associated with a deficiency in parathyroid hormone (PTH).
#7
Which of the following conditions is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland?
Hypothyroidism
ExplanationHypothyroidism is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland.
#8
What is the primary function of calcitonin hormone secreted by the thyroid gland?
Regulate calcium levels in the blood
ExplanationCalcitonin regulates calcium levels in the blood.
#9
Which hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
ExplanationThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the release of thyroxine.
#10
What is the term used to describe an excessive production of thyroid hormones?
Hyperthyroidism
ExplanationHyperthyroidism is the excessive production of thyroid hormones.
#11
Which of the following is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism?
Excessive sweating
ExplanationExcessive sweating is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism.
#12
What is the name of the autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and eye problems?
Graves' disease
ExplanationGraves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and eye problems.
#13
Which of the following conditions is associated with an enlargement of the thyroid gland?
Goiter
ExplanationGoiter is associated with an enlargement of the thyroid gland.
#14
What is the medical term for the condition where there is a lack of iodine in the diet leading to thyroid gland enlargement?
Endemic goiter
ExplanationEndemic goiter is caused by iodine deficiency.
#15
Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the thyroid gland?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ExplanationAdrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is not produced by the thyroid gland.
#16
What is the function of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) in relation to calcium levels?
Increase calcium absorption in the intestines
ExplanationParathyroid hormone (PTH) increases calcium absorption in the intestines.
#17
What is the main role of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) produced by the pituitary gland?
Stimulate the production of thyroid hormones
ExplanationThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the production of thyroid hormones.
#18
What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?
Regulation of metabolism
ExplanationThe primary function of the thyroid gland is the regulation of metabolism.