#1
What is the first step in assessing a patient during a medical emergency?
Assessing the patient's airway
ExplanationEnsuring the airway is clear is critical for oxygenation.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a component of the ABCDE approach in emergency medical assessment?
Digestion
ExplanationABC stands for Airway, Breathing, Circulation; 'D' doesn't include Digestion.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?
Increased appetite
ExplanationHeart attack symptoms usually involve chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, etc., not increased appetite.
#4
What is the recommended ratio of compressions to breaths in CPR for adults?
30:2
Explanation30 compressions to 2 breaths is the standard ratio in adult CPR.
#5
What does the acronym 'AVPU' stand for in emergency medical assessment?
Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive
ExplanationAVPU is a scale used to assess a patient's level of consciousness.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of shock?
Increased blood pressure
ExplanationShock typically leads to decreased blood pressure, not increased.
#7
In emergency medicine, what does the acronym 'SAMPLE' refer to?
An approach to obtaining patient history
ExplanationSAMPLE: Signs/symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events preceding incident.
#8
During the 'C' assessment in the ABCDE approach, what vital sign are you primarily evaluating?
Heart rate
ExplanationC stands for Circulation, where heart rate is a key indicator.
#9
In the context of emergency medical management, what does 'DCAP-BTLS' stand for?
A mnemonic for assessing trauma injuries
ExplanationDCAP-BTLS: Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling.
#10
What is the recommended treatment for a patient experiencing severe bleeding?
Applying a tourniquet
ExplanationTourniquets can help control severe bleeding by restricting blood flow to the affected area.
#11
What is the primary treatment for a patient experiencing a seizure?
Protecting the patient from injury and ensuring an open airway
ExplanationDuring a seizure, priority is to prevent injury and ensure breathing.
#12
What is the first step in managing a suspected spinal injury?
Immobilizing the patient's head and neck
ExplanationImmobilization prevents further damage to the spine.
#13
What is the treatment of choice for a patient experiencing an acute asthma attack?
Administering a bronchodilator
ExplanationBronchodilators help open airways in asthma attacks.
#14
Which of the following is a common symptom of anaphylaxis?
Decreased blood pressure
ExplanationAnaphylaxis commonly leads to a rapid drop in blood pressure.
#15
What is the recommended position for a conscious patient experiencing difficulty breathing?
Fowler's position
ExplanationFowler's position helps improve breathing by allowing the chest to expand.
#16
Which of the following is a characteristic of heat stroke?
Rapid pulse
ExplanationHeat stroke often leads to a rapid, strong pulse.
#17
Which of the following is a characteristic sign of a stroke?
Sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, or leg
ExplanationThis sign indicates a potential stroke, known as hemiparesis.