#1
Which organism is typically found at the top of a food chain?
Tertiary consumer
ExplanationHighest consumer level, often predators at top of food chains.
#2
What do primary consumers eat?
Producers
ExplanationFeed directly on producers, such as plants.
#3
Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
Grass
ExplanationLiving factors influencing ecosystems.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a secondary consumer?
Carnivore
ExplanationFeed on primary consumers, one step higher in the food chain.
#5
What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area?
Population
ExplanationConsists of individuals of the same species in a defined area.
#6
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
Soil
ExplanationNon-living factors shaping ecosystems.
#7
Which of the following best describes a decomposer in a food chain?
An organism that breaks down dead organic matter
ExplanationRecycles nutrients by decomposing dead organisms.
#8
What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems?
Sunlight
ExplanationInitiates photosynthesis, providing energy for ecosystems.
#9
What is the term for the process by which water vapor is released from plants into the atmosphere?
Transpiration
ExplanationPlant's water loss through leaves.
#10
What is the primary role of bacteria in a food chain?
To decompose dead organic matter
ExplanationBreak down organic material, recycling nutrients.
#11
What is the main function of a trophic level in a food chain?
To transfer energy between organisms
ExplanationDefines energy transfer between levels in a food chain.
#12
Which of the following is an example of a detritivore?
Earthworm
ExplanationFeeds on dead and decaying organic matter, aiding in decomposition.
#13
In a food chain, what happens to energy as it moves from one trophic level to the next?
It decreases
ExplanationLost as heat or used for metabolism, so decreases in trophic levels.
#14
Which of the following best describes a keystone species?
A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment
ExplanationExert strong influence on ecosystem structure, disproportionate to abundance.
#15
Which of the following factors is NOT considered a density-dependent limiting factor on population growth?
Weather conditions
ExplanationDensity-independent factors like weather affect populations uniformly.
#16
Which of the following is an example of a top-down control on an ecosystem?
Predator-prey interactions
ExplanationPredator abundance affects prey populations, cascading through the ecosystem.
#17
What is the term for the process by which phosphorus is released from rocks and minerals into the soil?
Phosphorus weathering
ExplanationMechanical or chemical breakdown of phosphorus-containing minerals.
#18
Which of the following is an example of a primary succession?
A volcanic eruption
ExplanationStarts from barren land without soil or life.