#1
Which of the following is not a major component of Earth's ecosystem?
Stratosphere
ExplanationStratosphere is part of Earth's atmosphere, not the ecosystem.
#2
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
Sunlight
ExplanationSunlight is essential for photosynthesis, the basis of most food chains.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of a terrestrial ecosystem?
Consists of land-based habitats
ExplanationTerrestrial ecosystems are those found on land, including forests, grasslands, etc.
#4
What is the primary function of producers in an ecosystem?
To convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis
ExplanationProducers use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy for the ecosystem.
#5
What is the term used to describe the interconnected network of food chains in an ecosystem?
Food web
ExplanationA food web illustrates the complex network of feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
#6
Which of the following is an example of a decomposer in an ecosystem?
Fungi
ExplanationFungi decompose organic matter, recycling nutrients in ecosystems.
#7
What is the process by which nutrients are returned to the soil from dead organisms?
Decomposition
ExplanationDecomposition breaks down organic matter, releasing nutrients back into the soil.
#8
Which of the following is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
Plants
ExplanationPlants are living organisms that directly influence the ecosystem.
#9
What term describes the relationship between a predator and its prey in an ecosystem?
Predation
ExplanationPredation is the act of one organism consuming another for food.
#10
What is the process by which water moves from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back again?
Transpiration
ExplanationTranspiration is the movement of water vapor from plants to the atmosphere.
#11
Which of the following ecosystems has the highest biodiversity?
Tropical rainforest
ExplanationTropical rainforests host the greatest variety of species.
#12
What is the role of keystone species in an ecosystem?
They have a disproportionate effect on the ecosystem
ExplanationKeystone species play a critical role in maintaining ecosystem structure and function.
#13
What term refers to the process by which ecosystems change over time?
Ecological succession
ExplanationEcological succession describes the gradual, sequential changes in ecosystems.
#14
Which of the following is not a type of wetland ecosystem?
Desert
ExplanationDeserts are not wetlands; they are arid ecosystems with low precipitation.
#15
What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities?
Climate change
ExplanationClimate change refers to long-term shifts in global temperature patterns due to human influence.