#1
What is the first step in the decision-making process?
Identifying the problem
ExplanationThe initial phase involves recognizing and defining the issue or challenge.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good decision-maker?
Avoids risk
ExplanationEffective decision-makers acknowledge and manage risks rather than avoiding them.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of intuitive decision-making?
Based on unconscious knowledge and experience
ExplanationIntuitive decisions rely on unconscious knowledge and experience rather than explicit reasoning.
#4
What does the acronym SMART stand for in the context of goal-setting?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
ExplanationSMART criteria guide goal-setting by ensuring objectives are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
#5
What is the term for the tendency to place too much emphasis on the first piece of information encountered?
Anchoring bias
ExplanationAnchoring bias involves giving excessive importance to the first piece of information encountered when making decisions.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a step in the problem-solving process?
Implementing the solution
ExplanationWhile important, implementing the solution is not a step in the problem-solving process, which typically involves defining, analyzing, and generating solutions.
#7
What is the purpose of using decision trees in decision-making?
To represent alternatives and decisions visually
ExplanationDecision trees visually display options and outcomes, aiding in a comprehensive decision-making process.
#8
Which decision-making technique involves listing pros and cons?
SWOT analysis
ExplanationSWOT analysis assesses Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats by listing the positive and negative aspects.
#9
Which of the following is a potential barrier to effective decision-making?
Overconfidence
ExplanationOverconfidence can hinder effective decision-making by leading individuals to overestimate their abilities or the accuracy of their judgments.
#10
What is the term for the tendency to favor information that confirms one's existing beliefs or values?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias involves favoring information that supports one's preexisting beliefs or values.
#11
In decision-making, what does the acronym VUCA stand for?
Variability, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity
ExplanationVUCA describes the challenging aspects of decision-making in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment.
#12
Which decision-making approach involves reaching a consensus among all involved parties?
Collaborative decision-making
ExplanationCollaborative decision-making aims to achieve agreement and alignment among all relevant parties.
#13
What is the primary purpose of the Delphi technique in decision-making?
To reach consensus among experts
ExplanationDelphi technique aims to achieve consensus by gathering input from a panel of experts anonymously.
#14
Which decision-making model suggests that individuals follow a systematic process involving six steps?
Rational decision-making model
ExplanationThe rational decision-making model proposes a systematic approach with six steps for making optimal decisions.
#15
What is the primary focus of risk management in decision-making?
Minimizing risks
ExplanationRisk management in decision-making focuses on identifying, assessing, and minimizing potential risks.
#16
Which decision-making model emphasizes the importance of emotions and intuition?
Behavioral decision-making model
ExplanationThe behavioral decision-making model recognizes the role of emotions and intuition in influencing decisions.
#17
Which decision-making model suggests that individuals make decisions by weighing the costs and benefits of each option?
Rational decision-making model
ExplanationThe rational decision-making model suggests that individuals make decisions by systematically weighing the costs and benefits of each available option.