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Cognitive Biases and Social Perception Quiz

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#1

Which cognitive bias involves giving greater importance to the first piece of information encountered?

Anchoring bias
Explanation

Overemphasizing initial data in decision-making.

#2

What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of events that have recently occurred?

Recency bias
Explanation

Overestimating the significance of recent events.

#3

Which cognitive bias leads individuals to believe they know more than they actually do?

Overconfidence bias
Explanation

Overestimating one's knowledge or abilities.

#4

What is the term for the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information?

Recency bias
Explanation

Recalling recent events more vividly than older ones.

#5

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to rely on initial information and ignore subsequent information?

Anchoring bias
Explanation

Giving undue weight to initial data and disregarding later information.

#6

What is the term for the tendency to search for, interpret, focus on, and remember information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions?

Confirmation bias
Explanation

Seeking and recalling information that supports existing beliefs.

#7

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to overestimate one's ability to control events?

Locus of control bias
Explanation

Overestimating one's influence over outcomes.

#8

What is the term for the tendency to judge the likelihood of an event based on how easily instances of it come to mind?

Availability heuristic
Explanation

Assessing likelihood based on ease of recall.

#9

Which cognitive bias refers to the tendency to favor information that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses?

Confirmation bias
Explanation

Preferring information that supports existing beliefs.

#10

What is the term for the tendency to rely on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions?

Anchoring bias
Explanation

Relying heavily on initial data during decision-making.

#11

What cognitive bias leads individuals to perceive patterns where none exist?

Illusory correlation
Explanation

Perceiving false correlations between events.

#12

Which cognitive bias involves attributing success to personal qualities while attributing failure to external factors?

Self-serving bias
Explanation

Taking credit for success but blaming others for failure.

#13

What is the term for the tendency to judge others based on one's own beliefs, attitudes, and experiences?

Projection bias
Explanation

Projecting one's own traits onto others.

#14

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to focus on the most salient and emotionally striking features of a situation, rather than its most likely outcome?

Negativity bias
Explanation

Giving more weight to negative aspects of a situation.

#15

What is the term for the tendency to believe that the outcome was predictable, after the fact?

Hindsight bias
Explanation

Believing events were foreseeable after they occurred.

#16

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to overestimate the importance of small differences because the context of an issue is overlooked?

Anchoring bias
Explanation

Overemphasizing small differences due to overlooking broader context.

#17

What is the term for the tendency to attribute others' behaviors to their personality traits rather than to situational factors?

Fundamental attribution error
Explanation

Blaming personality over situational factors for others' behavior.

#18

Which cognitive bias involves making decisions based on an overly optimistic view of the outcomes?

Optimism bias
Explanation

Expecting excessively positive outcomes.

#19

What is the term for the tendency to judge others' behaviors as being influenced more by internal factors than by external circumstances?

Fundamental attribution error
Explanation

Overemphasizing internal factors in explaining others' behavior.

#20

Which cognitive bias involves making decisions based on how easily similar instances can be imagined?

Availability heuristic
Explanation

Judging likelihood based on ease of recall.

#21

Which cognitive bias involves giving more weight to the opinions of others, especially in uncertain situations?

Bandwagon effect
Explanation

Following others' opinions, particularly in uncertainty.

#22

What cognitive bias refers to the tendency to believe that everyone else thinks the same way they do?

False consensus effect
Explanation

Assuming others share one's beliefs or opinions.

#23

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to attribute success to internal factors and failure to external factors?

Self-serving bias
Explanation

Taking credit for successes but blaming external factors for failures.

#24

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to believe that one's skills and abilities are above average?

Self-serving bias
Explanation

Believing one is better than average in skills or abilities.

#25

Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to overestimate one's knowledge or ability relative to others?

Dunning-Kruger effect
Explanation

Overestimating one's competence compared to others.

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