#1
Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive thirst and frequent urination?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
ExplanationSymptoms of hyperglycemia often seen in type 1 diabetes.
#2
Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the joints?
Rheumatoid arthritis
ExplanationAutoimmune disorder targeting joint linings.
#3
Which of the following conditions is characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells?
Leukocytosis
ExplanationElevated white blood cell count, often due to infection or inflammation.
#4
Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the liver?
Hepatitis
ExplanationInflammatory condition affecting the liver.
#5
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Progressive airflow limitation
ExplanationGradual reduction in airflow over time.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Severe headache
ExplanationHeadaches are uncommon in heart attacks, typically presenting with chest pain.
#7
Which of the following is a common cause of acute pancreatitis?
Chronic alcohol abuse
ExplanationExcessive alcohol consumption leading to inflammation of the pancreas.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Parkinson's disease?
Bradykinesia and tremors
ExplanationSlowness of movement and involuntary shaking.
#9
Which of the following is a common symptom of peptic ulcer disease?
Pain relieved by eating
ExplanationPain often subsides after food intake.
#10
Which of the following is a common cause of chronic kidney disease?
High blood pressure
ExplanationHypertension leading to kidney damage over time.
#11
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of rheumatoid arthritis?
Joint deformities and destruction
ExplanationChronic inflammation leading to joint damage and deformities.
#12
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
Presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
ExplanationAutoimmune disorder with the production of antibodies against the body's own cells.
#13
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Presence of demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system
ExplanationDamage to the protective covering of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord.
#14
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
Presence of multiple ovarian cysts
ExplanationDevelopment of numerous fluid-filled sacs within the ovaries.
#15
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Crohn's disease?
Skip lesions in the colon
ExplanationPatchy areas of inflammation with healthy tissue in between in the gastrointestinal tract.
#16
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)?
Narrowing of the esophagus
ExplanationFibrosis leading to narrowing and dysfunction of the esophagus.