#1
At what age do most babies start to roll over?
4 months
ExplanationMost babies start rolling over at around 4 months as part of their motor development.
#2
Which of the following is a typical milestone for a 12-month-old child?
Walking independently
ExplanationWalking independently is a typical milestone for a 12-month-old, showcasing their motor skills development.
#3
What is the approximate age when children typically start to engage in parallel play?
18 months
ExplanationChildren typically start engaging in parallel play around 18 months, demonstrating a social development milestone.
#4
Which of the following is a motor milestone typically achieved by 18 months of age?
Jumping with both feet
ExplanationJumping with both feet is a motor milestone typically achieved by 18 months, showcasing the development of gross motor skills.
#5
Which of the following is a milestone associated with the emotional development of toddlers?
Expressing empathy
ExplanationExpressing empathy is a milestone associated with the emotional development of toddlers, showcasing social and emotional understanding.
#6
What is the approximate age when children typically begin to engage in cooperative play?
4-5 years
ExplanationChildren typically begin engaging in cooperative play around 4-5 years, demonstrating social development and teamwork.
#7
What is object permanence in child development?
The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight
ExplanationObject permanence is the understanding that objects exist even when not seen, a key cognitive development in infants.
#8
Which of the following is a milestone typically achieved during the sensorimotor stage according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Understanding object permanence
ExplanationUnderstanding object permanence is a milestone in the sensorimotor stage, as per Piaget's theory.
#9
What is the approximate age range for the emergence of stranger anxiety in infants?
7 to 9 months
ExplanationStranger anxiety typically emerges between 7 to 9 months, reflecting a normal social and emotional development phase in infants.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of the preoperational stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
Egocentrism
ExplanationEgocentrism is a characteristic of the preoperational stage in Piaget's theory, where children struggle to see things from others' perspectives.
#11
What is the approximate age when infants begin to develop a pincer grasp?
9-10 months
ExplanationInfants typically begin to develop a pincer grasp between 9-10 months, a fine motor skill enabling them to pick up small objects.
#12
What is scaffolding in the context of child development according to Vygotsky?
The gradual withdrawal of support as a child becomes more competent
ExplanationScaffolding in Vygotsky's theory involves providing support that gradually decreases as a child gains competence, promoting independent learning.
#13
According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary developmental task during infancy?
Trust vs. Mistrust
ExplanationThe primary developmental task during infancy is the establishment of trust versus mistrust, according to Erikson's psychosocial theory.
#14
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the role of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in child development?
It indicates the difference between what children can do independently and with assistance.
ExplanationThe zone of proximal development (ZPD) in Vygotsky's theory indicates the gap between what children can do alone versus with assistance, guiding learning and development.
#15
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary psychosocial crisis during the preschool years?
Initiative vs. Guilt
ExplanationThe primary psychosocial crisis during the preschool years is the conflict between initiative and guilt, according to Erikson's theory.
#16
According to Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial conflict during adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationThe primary psychosocial conflict during adolescence is the struggle between identity and role confusion, as per Erikson's theory.