#1
Which of the following is NOT a method of cellular transport?
Translation
ExplanationTranslation is a process of protein synthesis, not cellular transport.
#2
What is the main driving force behind passive transport processes?
Concentration gradient
ExplanationPassive transport relies on the movement of substances down their concentration gradient.
#3
Which type of transport requires energy to move substances across the cell membrane?
Active transport
ExplanationActive transport utilizes energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
#4
Which of the following is an example of passive transport?
Facilitated diffusion
ExplanationPassive transport includes processes like facilitated diffusion that don't require energy input.
#5
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down cellular waste and debris?
Lysosome
ExplanationLysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
#6
Which cellular structure plays a key role in endocytosis and exocytosis?
Cell membrane
ExplanationCell membrane is essential for regulating the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
#7
What is the primary function of carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?
To bind to specific molecules and transport them across the membrane
ExplanationCarrier proteins facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the membrane.
#8
Which of the following is an example of cotransport (symport)?
Glucose transport in intestinal cells
ExplanationSymport involves the simultaneous transport of two different substances in the same direction.
#9
What is the role of aquaporins in cellular transport?
Facilitate the diffusion of water molecules
ExplanationAquaporins enable the rapid movement of water molecules across the membrane.
#10
In which type of transport does the cell engulf large particles or fluids?
Endocytosis
ExplanationEndocytosis involves the intake of large molecules or particles by the cell.
#11
Which of the following statements accurately describes active transport?
It requires energy input in the form of ATP.
ExplanationActive transport utilizes energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
#12
Which of the following is an example of phagocytosis?
Uptake of bacteria by immune cells
ExplanationPhagocytosis is the process by which cells engulf and digest solid particles.
#13
How do cells maintain homeostasis through membrane transport processes?
By regulating the movement of ions and molecules across the membrane
ExplanationCellular transport helps maintain internal balance by controlling the movement of substances.
#14
What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump in animal cells?
To maintain the resting membrane potential
ExplanationThe sodium-potassium pump helps establish and maintain the electrical potential across the cell membrane.
#15
Which of the following is true regarding hypertonic solutions?
Water moves out of cells placed in hypertonic solutions.
ExplanationIn hypertonic solutions, water moves out of cells, causing them to shrink.