#1
Which type of cellular transport requires energy?
Active transport
ExplanationEnergy-dependent movement of substances across the cell membrane.
#2
Which type of transport allows the movement of substances down their concentration gradient without the use of energy?
Passive diffusion
ExplanationMovement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input.
#3
What is the main function of aquaporins in cell membranes?
Facilitate the movement of water
ExplanationSpecialized channels facilitating the rapid movement of water molecules.
#4
In which cellular structure does the electron transport chain take place?
Mitochondria
ExplanationSeries of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane involved in ATP production.
#5
What is the primary function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
Regulate the passage of substances
ExplanationControls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
#6
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
Regulation of substances entering and leaving the cell
ExplanationControls the passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
#7
Which molecule is a major component of the cell membrane?
Phospholipid
ExplanationMain structural component forming the bilayer of the cell membrane.
#8
What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
Regulates fluidity
ExplanationMaintains the flexibility and stability of the cell membrane.
#9
Which organelle is responsible for packaging and transporting cellular materials within the cell?
Golgi apparatus
ExplanationModifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?
Requires energy input
ExplanationUtilizes energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
#11
In which direction does water move during osmosis?
From an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
ExplanationMovement of water across a semi-permeable membrane towards lower solute concentration.
#12
What is the role of transport proteins in the cell membrane?
To transport substances across the membrane
ExplanationFacilitates the movement of molecules across the cell membrane.
#13
What is the primary difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Simple diffusion involves the movement of substances without the aid of transport proteins.
ExplanationFacilitated diffusion involves the assistance of transport proteins in the movement of molecules.
#14
Which type of endocytosis involves the uptake of small, dissolved solutes and fluids?
Pinocytosis
ExplanationCell engulfs extracellular fluid and dissolved solutes.
#15
Which type of transport involves the engulfment of large particles or cells by the cell membrane?
Endocytosis
ExplanationProcess of internalizing substances by forming vesicles from the cell membrane.