#1
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondrion
ExplanationMitochondria produce ATP through aerobic respiration.
#2
What is the role of enzymes in cellular metabolism?
Catalyze chemical reactions
ExplanationEnzymes accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed.
#3
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
Selective permeability
ExplanationCell membrane regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
#4
Which process involves the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy?
Simple diffusion
ExplanationSimple diffusion occurs down the concentration gradient without energy input.
#5
What is the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or other cells by forming vesicles called phagosomes?
Exocytosis
ExplanationExocytosis is the process of releasing materials from a cell by vesicular transport.
#6
Which type of cellular transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?
Active transport
ExplanationActive transport moves substances against the gradient, requiring energy.
#7
In cellular respiration, what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
Oxygen
ExplanationOxygen serves as the final electron acceptor, forming water.
#8
Which molecule serves as the primary energy currency of the cell?
ATP
ExplanationATP stores and transfers energy within cells for various cellular processes.
#9
In glycolysis, which molecule is split to produce two molecules of pyruvate?
Glucose
ExplanationGlucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate during glycolysis.
#10
During which stage of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide produced?
Citric acid cycle
ExplanationCarbon dioxide is produced during the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle).