#1
Which cellular process produces ATP?
Krebs cycle
ExplanationKrebs cycle produces ATP through cellular respiration.
#2
What is the primary function of mitosis?
To produce genetically identical daughter cells
ExplanationMitosis ensures genetic stability by producing identical daughter cells.
#3
Which process involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
Meiosis
ExplanationMeiosis promotes genetic diversity through recombination.
#4
What is the main function of the centrioles during cell division?
To anchor spindle fibers
ExplanationCentrioles organize spindle fibers for chromosome segregation.
#5
What is the purpose of crossing over during meiosis?
To exchange genetic material between homologous chromosomes
ExplanationCrossing over enhances genetic diversity by swapping DNA segments.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
Calvin cycle
ExplanationCalvin cycle is part of photosynthesis, not cellular respiration.
#7
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
ExplanationDNA replication occurs during the Synthesis (S) phase.
#8
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Endoplasmic reticulum
ExplanationEndoplasmic reticulum facilitates protein synthesis and modification.
#9
What is the function of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
To separate sister chromatids
ExplanationSpindle fibers segregate chromatids to opposite poles during mitosis.
#10
What is the role of the enzyme DNA polymerase during DNA replication?
To join Okazaki fragments
ExplanationDNA polymerase catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.
#11
What is the role of telomeres in cellular reproduction?
They protect the ends of chromosomes from deterioration
ExplanationTelomeres protect chromosomal integrity by preventing degradation.
#12
Which process contributes to genetic diversity among offspring?
Meiosis
ExplanationMeiosis generates genetically diverse gametes through recombination.
#13
What is the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring, sexual reproduction produces genetically diverse offspring.
ExplanationAsexual reproduction creates clones while sexual reproduction fosters genetic variation.
#14
What is the name of the process by which mRNA is translated into a protein?
Translation
ExplanationTranslation converts mRNA codons into amino acids to synthesize proteins.
#15
What is the primary function of RNA polymerase?
To synthesize RNA from a DNA template
ExplanationRNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of RNA from DNA.