#1
Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP through cellular respiration?
Mitochondrion
ExplanationMitochondrion produces ATP through cellular respiration.
#2
Which ion is predominantly found outside the cell membrane in the extracellular fluid?
Sodium (Na+)
ExplanationSodium (Na+) is predominantly found outside the cell membrane in the extracellular fluid.
#3
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
To produce and release hormones
ExplanationThe primary function of the endocrine system is to produce and release hormones.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a neurotransmitter?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is an example of a neurotransmitter.
#5
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ExplanationSmooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell.
#6
What is the primary function of hormones in cellular communication?
To facilitate chemical signaling
ExplanationHormones facilitate chemical signaling in cellular communication.
#7
Which of the following is an example of negative feedback mechanism in human physiology?
Regulation of blood sugar by insulin and glucagon
ExplanationRegulation of blood sugar by insulin and glucagon is an example of negative feedback mechanism.
#8
Which ion plays a crucial role in the action potential of nerve cells?
Sodium (Na+)
ExplanationSodium (Na+) plays a crucial role in the action potential of nerve cells.
#9
What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?
It regulates body temperature and thirst.
ExplanationThe hypothalamus regulates body temperature and thirst in homeostasis.
#10
Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid hormone
ExplanationParathyroid hormone regulates blood calcium levels.
#11
Which of the following cellular processes is responsible for the removal of damaged organelles and proteins?
Autophagy
ExplanationAutophagy is responsible for the removal of damaged organelles and proteins.
#12
In cellular communication, what is the primary function of second messengers?
To activate intracellular signaling pathways
ExplanationSecond messengers activate intracellular signaling pathways in cellular communication.