#1
Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
High blood pressure
ExplanationElevated pressure in arteries strains the heart and increases the risk of heart disease.
#2
What is the average resting heart rate for adults?
60-80 beats per minute
ExplanationNormal range reflecting cardiovascular health and fitness.
#3
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
To transport nutrients and oxygen
ExplanationEnsuring delivery of essential substances throughout the body.
#4
Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors?
Vitamin K
ExplanationCritical for the production of proteins necessary for blood clotting.
#5
What is the name of the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells?
Hemoglobin
ExplanationBinds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Age
ExplanationUnlike lifestyle factors, age is a natural, uncontrollable risk factor.
#7
Which blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport?
Red blood cells
ExplanationHemoglobin in red blood cells carries oxygen to tissues.
#8
What is the medical term for high blood pressure?
Hypertension
ExplanationChronic condition where blood pressure in arteries is consistently elevated.
#9
What is the medical term for a blood clot?
Thrombus
ExplanationCoagulated blood mass that can block blood flow.
#10
Which of the following conditions is characterized by irregular heartbeats?
Arrhythmia
ExplanationAbnormal heart rhythm affecting heart's ability to pump effectively.
#11
What is the medical term for a low red blood cell count?
Anemia
ExplanationResults in reduced oxygen transport capacity and various health issues.
#12
Which of the following is a common symptom of deep vein thrombosis?
Swelling and pain in the leg
ExplanationClot in a deep vein leads to leg swelling and pain.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of anemia?
Frequent nosebleeds
ExplanationAnemia causes fatigue, weakness, and pale skin, but not nosebleeds.
#14
Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
Type O
ExplanationCompatible with all blood types, making it universally accepted for transfusions.
#15
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
To form blood clots
ExplanationSmall cell fragments crucial for blood clotting and wound healing.
#16
What is the condition characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells?
Leukemia
ExplanationCancer of blood-forming tissues, leading to excessive white blood cells.
#17
Which of the following is a component of the lymphatic system?
Spleen
ExplanationFilters blood and stores white blood cells, aiding immune function.