#1
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor?
O-
ExplanationO- can donate to any blood type without causing adverse reactions.
#2
Which of the following blood components is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues?
Red blood cells
ExplanationRed blood cells contain hemoglobin, which carries oxygen throughout the body.
#3
Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?
AB+
ExplanationAB+ can receive blood from any other blood type without adverse reactions.
#4
Which of the following blood components is primarily responsible for clotting?
Platelets
ExplanationPlatelets play a crucial role in blood clot formation.
#5
Which of the following blood types can safely receive blood from any other blood type in an emergency?
AB+
ExplanationAB+ individuals can receive any blood type due to their lack of ABO antibodies.
#6
What is the primary purpose of crossmatching in blood transfusion?
To ensure compatibility between donor and recipient blood
ExplanationCrossmatching verifies compatibility to prevent adverse reactions.
#7
Which of the following is a potential complication of blood transfusion?
Hyperkalemia
ExplanationTransfusion can cause elevated potassium levels, leading to hyperkalemia.
#8
What is the recommended maximum time for a unit of blood to be transfused?
4 hours
ExplanationTo prevent bacterial growth and maintain efficacy, blood should be transfused within 4 hours.
#9
What is the most common adverse reaction to a blood transfusion?
Febrile non-hemolytic reaction
ExplanationFebrile non-hemolytic reaction is the most common, characterized by fever.
#10
Which of the following laboratory tests is commonly performed before initiating a blood transfusion?
Complete blood count (CBC)
ExplanationCBC helps assess the patient's baseline and suitability for transfusion.
#11
In which of the following situations should blood transfusion be avoided?
Patient with severe thrombocytopenia
ExplanationTransfusion may worsen bleeding risk in thrombocytopenic patients.
#12
Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate during a blood transfusion?
Observing the patient closely for signs of transfusion reaction
ExplanationClose observation helps in early detection of adverse reactions.
#13
What is the recommended temperature range for storing blood components?
0°C to 4°C
ExplanationThis range prevents bacterial growth and maintains blood quality.
#14
Which of the following actions should the nurse take if a transfusion reaction is suspected?
Discontinue the transfusion immediately
ExplanationImmediate discontinuation helps prevent further adverse reactions.
#15
Which of the following is a crucial step in preventing transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)?
Administering leukocyte-reduced blood products
ExplanationLeukocyte reduction decreases the risk of TRALI by mitigating immune-mediated lung injury.
#16
Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize in the event of a suspected transfusion reaction?
Assessing the patient's vital signs and respiratory status
ExplanationImmediate assessment helps in early recognition and management of adverse reactions.