#1
Which of the following is not a characteristic of biological diversity?
Population uniformity
ExplanationBiological diversity entails variation; uniformity contradicts this.
#2
What is the primary unit of biological classification?
Species
ExplanationSpecies is the fundamental unit of classification in biology.
#3
Which of the following is a measure of species richness?
Alpha diversity
ExplanationAlpha diversity quantifies species richness within a particular habitat or ecosystem.
#4
What is the term for a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring?
Species
ExplanationSpecies comprise individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
#5
What is the term for the total number of different species in a given area?
Species richness
ExplanationSpecies richness denotes the total number of different species within a defined area.
#6
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor affecting biodiversity?
Temperature
ExplanationTemperature is a non-living factor that influences biodiversity.
#7
Which of the following laboratory techniques is commonly used for DNA amplification?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
ExplanationPCR is a standard technique for amplifying DNA in vitro.
#8
What is the term for the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among organisms?
Phylogeny
ExplanationPhylogeny focuses on the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
#9
Which laboratory technique is used to separate and analyze nucleic acids based on their size and charge?
Gel electrophoresis
ExplanationGel electrophoresis is commonly used for nucleic acid separation based on size and charge.
#10
What is the term for the variety of ecosystems within a given region?
Beta diversity
ExplanationBeta diversity refers to the diversity of ecosystems within a region.
#11
Which laboratory technique is used to amplify RNA molecules for further analysis?
Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)
ExplanationRT-PCR amplifies RNA to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) for analysis.
#12
What is the term for the loss of species from an ecosystem?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction refers to the complete disappearance of a species.
#13
Which of the following laboratory techniques is used for separating and analyzing proteins based on their size and charge?
Gel electrophoresis
ExplanationGel electrophoresis separates proteins based on size and charge.
#14
Which laboratory technique is used to separate and analyze proteins based on their charge and mass in a two-dimensional manner?
Isoelectric focusing
ExplanationIsoelectric focusing separates proteins based on charge and mass in two dimensions.
#15
Which laboratory technique is used to determine the structure and sequence of nucleic acids?
DNA sequencing
ExplanationDNA sequencing elucidates the structure and sequence of nucleic acids.
#16
Which laboratory technique is used to detect and quantify specific proteins in a sample?
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)
ExplanationELISA detects and quantifies specific proteins in samples using antibodies.
#17
Which laboratory technique is used to study protein-protein interactions?
Yeast two-hybrid assay
ExplanationYeast two-hybrid assay examines protein-protein interactions in a cellular context.