#1
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Giving a child candy for cleaning their room
ExplanationRewarding desired behavior with a pleasant stimulus to increase its likelihood.
#2
In behavior modification, what is extinction?
A decrease in the frequency of a behavior when it is no longer reinforced
ExplanationThe diminishing of a behavior due to lack of reinforcement.
#3
What is shaping in behavior modification?
Gradually molding a desired behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of it
ExplanationThe process of reinforcing behaviors that are closer and closer to the desired behavior.
#4
What is the difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement involves the addition of a stimulus to increase a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves the removal of a stimulus to increase a behavior.
ExplanationPositive reinforcement adds a stimulus to encourage behavior, negative reinforcement removes a stimulus for the same purpose.
#5
Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?
Removing an aversive loud noise when a child puts on their seatbelt
ExplanationIncreasing a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus after the behavior.
#6
Which schedule of reinforcement is most resistant to extinction?
Variable Ratio
ExplanationA reinforcement schedule where reinforcement is provided after an unpredictable number of responses, making behavior more resistant to extinction.
#7
What is the Premack Principle in behavior modification?
The idea that high-probability behaviors can be used to reinforce low-probability behaviors
ExplanationUsing a more preferred activity to reinforce a less preferred one.
#8
What is a token economy?
A system of behavior modification based on the principles of operant conditioning
ExplanationA method of reinforcing desired behaviors using tokens that can be exchanged for privileges or rewards.
#9
What is the concept of stimulus control in behavior modification?
The idea that behavior is influenced by the presence or absence of discriminative stimuli
ExplanationThe influence of environmental cues on the occurrence of a behavior.