#1
Which of the following is an example of direct discrimination?
Refusing to hire someone because of their race
ExplanationDirect discrimination involves overtly treating someone unfairly based on a protected characteristic, such as race.
#2
What does the term 'protected class' refer to in anti-discrimination laws?
A group of people who share a common characteristic protected from discrimination by law
ExplanationProtected class refers to groups safeguarded by anti-discrimination laws, shielding them from unfair treatment.
#3
Which law prohibits discrimination in employment based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?
Civil Rights Act of 1964
ExplanationThe Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark law that prohibits employment discrimination based on specified characteristics.
#4
What is the 'disparate impact' theory of discrimination?
Discrimination that occurs when an employer's policies or practices have a disproportionately negative effect on a protected group
ExplanationDisparate impact theory involves unintentional discrimination, where policies negatively affect a protected group more than others.
#5
What is the difference between disparate treatment and disparate impact?
Disparate treatment involves intentional discrimination, while disparate impact involves unintentional discrimination.
ExplanationDisparate treatment is intentional discrimination, while disparate impact is unintentional discrimination resulting from neutral policies.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a protected characteristic under federal anti-discrimination laws in the United States?
Political affiliation
ExplanationPolitical affiliation is not a federally protected characteristic under anti-discrimination laws.
#7
What is the purpose of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in the United States?
To enforce federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee
ExplanationThe EEOC enforces laws preventing employment discrimination and ensures equal opportunities for job applicants and employees.
#8
What is the difference between harassment and discrimination?
Harassment involves creating a hostile work environment, while discrimination involves unfair treatment.
ExplanationHarassment pertains to a hostile work environment, while discrimination refers to unfair treatment based on protected characteristics.
#9
Which of the following is an example of harassment in the workplace?
An employee being subjected to offensive jokes about their race
ExplanationWorkplace harassment includes offensive conduct, like jokes, creating a hostile environment for an employee based on their protected characteristic.
#10
What is the main objective of affirmative action programs?
To ensure equal employment opportunities for all individuals, regardless of race, gender, or other protected characteristics
ExplanationAffirmative action aims to promote equal employment opportunities by addressing historical and systemic discrimination.
#11
Which of the following is true regarding religious discrimination in the workplace?
Employers must reasonably accommodate employees' religious beliefs unless it would cause undue hardship.
ExplanationEmployers must accommodate employees' religious beliefs unless it poses undue hardship.
#12
What is the main purpose of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
To prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
ExplanationTitle VII aims to eliminate discrimination in employment based on specified characteristics.
#13
Which of the following is an example of systemic discrimination?
A company's policy that disproportionately affects a certain racial group
ExplanationSystemic discrimination involves policies or practices that disproportionately harm a specific group, often unintentionally.
#14
Which of the following is true regarding gender identity discrimination in the workplace?
Gender identity discrimination is prohibited under federal law.
ExplanationFederal law prohibits gender identity discrimination in the workplace.