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Accounting Transactions and Financial Statements Quiz

#1

Which of the following is an example of an accounting transaction?

Buying office furniture on credit
Explanation

Recording an asset (furniture) and liability (accounts payable) without immediate cash payment.

#2

Which financial statement reports a company's revenues and expenses over a period of time?

Income Statement
Explanation

Summarizes the company's financial performance, showing revenues, expenses, and net income.

#3

Which of the following is a current liability?

Accounts Payable
Explanation

Short-term debts owed by the company to its creditors.

#4

Which financial statement shows a company's financial position at a specific point in time?

Balance Sheet
Explanation

Summarizes a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific date.

#5

Which of the following is not considered an asset?

Accounts Payable
Explanation

An obligation of a business representing amounts owed to creditors.

#6

Which of the following is an example of a long-term liability?

Notes Payable due in 6 months
Explanation

Debts or obligations due after one year from the date of the balance sheet.

#7

Which financial statement reports changes in retained earnings over a period?

Statement of Retained Earnings
Explanation

Details changes in a company's retained earnings over a specific accounting period.

#8

What is the accounting equation?

Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity
Explanation

Basic principle stating that a company's resources equal its creditors' claims and owner's equity.

#9

What is the purpose of double-entry accounting?

To prevent errors in recording transactions
Explanation

Method of recording financial transactions where every entry has an equal and opposite effect in at least two different accounts.

#10

What is the purpose of the trial balance in accounting?

To determine the accuracy of recorded transactions
Explanation

A listing of all the general ledger accounts contained in the ledger of a business, used to ensure debits equal credits.

#11

What does the term 'depreciation' refer to in accounting?

Decrease in the value of an asset over time
Explanation

Allocation of the cost of an asset over its useful life.

#12

What is the purpose of the statement of cash flows?

To show how cash is generated and used during a specific period
Explanation

Reports a company's cash inflows and outflows during a specific accounting period.

#13

What is the accounting equation also known as?

Balance equation
Explanation

Fundamental principle expressing the relationship between a company's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity.

#14

What is the primary purpose of financial statements?

To communicate the financial position of a company to stakeholders
Explanation

Documents presenting financial data, providing insights into the company's financial health.

#15

Which of the following is a contra account?

Accumulated Depreciation
Explanation

A type of account used to record offsets to the main account, such as depreciation against the asset account.

#16

Which of the following is a contra asset account?

Accumulated Depreciation
Explanation

Account that offsets the value of an asset account, representing reductions in that asset's value over time.

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