#1
Who is considered the father of communism?
Karl Marx
ExplanationKarl Marx is credited as the founder of the communist ideology.
#2
Which ideology advocates for the abolition of private property?
Communism
ExplanationCommunism advocates for the abolition of private property in favor of communal ownership.
#3
Who wrote 'The Communist Manifesto' alongside Karl Marx?
Friedrich Engels
ExplanationFriedrich Engels co-authored 'The Communist Manifesto' with Karl Marx.
#4
Which 19th-century ideology emphasized the importance of the working class in society?
Socialism
ExplanationSocialism emphasized the role of the working class in societal organization and wealth distribution.
#5
Which movement in 19th-century Europe aimed for national independence and unity?
Nationalism
ExplanationNationalism sought to unify people of shared culture, history, and language into independent nations.
#6
Who is known for promoting the idea of 'survival of the fittest' in the context of social Darwinism?
Herbert Spencer
ExplanationHerbert Spencer popularized the concept of 'survival of the fittest' in the context of social evolution.
#7
Which political ideology emerged as a reaction against the industrial revolution and advocated for traditional values and institutions?
Conservatism
ExplanationConservatism emerged in response to industrialization, favoring traditional values and institutions over rapid change.
#8
Who was the key figure in the unification of Germany in the 19th century?
Otto von Bismarck
ExplanationOtto von Bismarck played a central role in the unification of Germany through diplomatic and military means.
#9
Who authored the book 'On Liberty,' advocating for individual freedoms and limited government intervention?
John Stuart Mill
ExplanationJohn Stuart Mill argued for individual freedoms and limited government intervention in his work 'On Liberty.'
#10
Which revolution in 1848 aimed to overthrow conservative monarchies across Europe but largely failed?
Revolution of 1848
ExplanationThe Revolution of 1848 sought to overthrow conservative monarchies across Europe but was mostly unsuccessful.
#11
What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna in 1815?
To restore monarchies and redraw borders
ExplanationThe primary aim of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 was to restore monarchies and redraw territorial boundaries after the Napoleonic Wars.
#12
Who coined the term 'Iron Curtain' to describe the division between Western Europe and the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War?
Winston Churchill
ExplanationWinston Churchill coined the term 'Iron Curtain' to describe the ideological and physical separation between Western Europe and the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War.