#1
Which principle of justice emphasizes treating equals equally and unequals unequally?
Distributive Justice
ExplanationFair distribution based on merit and need.
#2
Who is considered the father of utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham
ExplanationFounding figure advocating for maximizing overall happiness.
#3
Which legal concept states that a person cannot be tried twice for the same offense?
Double jeopardy
ExplanationProtection against multiple prosecutions for the same crime.
#4
According to John Rawls, what is the first principle of justice?
Equal liberties
ExplanationBasic freedoms for all individuals.
#5
Which philosopher is known for his theory of 'natural law'?
Thomas Aquinas
ExplanationArgued for universal moral principles inherent in nature.
#6
What is the principle of 'due process' in legal terms?
The requirement to follow legal procedures
ExplanationEnsures fair treatment under the law.
#7
What is the 'doctrine of precedent' in common law systems?
The requirement to follow previous court decisions
ExplanationAdherence to prior rulings.
#8
In legal terms, what is 'mens rea'?
The guilty mind
ExplanationCriminal intent.
#9
In legal terms, what does the 'burden of proof' refer to?
The responsibility to prove the case
ExplanationObligation to provide evidence to support a claim.
#10
Which ethical theory emphasizes the importance of the consequences of actions?
Consequentialism
ExplanationEvaluates morality based on outcomes.
#11
What is the principle of 'judicial review'?
The authority of courts to interpret laws
ExplanationPower to assess the constitutionality of laws.
#12
Which legal concept refers to a court's authority to hear a case for the first time?
Original jurisdiction
ExplanationInitial authority over a legal matter.
#13
What is the primary purpose of criminal law?
To protect individuals from each other
ExplanationMaintaining societal order and safety.
#14
Which legal concept refers to the temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial?
Bail
ExplanationConditional release from custody.